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Manufacturing became an important component of the city's economy, and by the mid-19th century, the city's industrial manufacturing overtook international trade in economic importance. Although foreign trade returned after these hostilities, Boston's merchants had found alternatives for their capital investments in the interim. The Embargo Act of 1807, adopted during the Napoleonic Wars, and the War of 1812 significantly curtailed Boston's harbor activity. After the Revolution, Boston's long seafaring tradition helped make it one of the world's wealthiest international ports, with rum, fish, salt, and tobacco being particularly important. Many of the crucial events of the American Revolution the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, Paul Revere's midnight ride, the battles of Lexington and Concord and Bunker Hill, the Siege of Boston, and many others-occurred in or near Boston.
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Boston was the largest town in British North America until Philadelphia grew larger in the mid 18th century. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history America's first public school was founded in Boston in Over the next 130 years, the city participated in four French and Indian Wars, until the British defeated the French and their native allies in North America. In 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. The peninsula is known to have been inhabited as early as 5000 BC. Their settlement was initially limited to the Shawmut Peninsula, at that time surrounded by the Massachusetts Bay and Charles River and connected to the mainland by a narrow isthmus. The renaming, on Septemold style was by Puritan colonists from England, who had moved over from Charlestown earlier that year in quest of fresh water. The area's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education and medicine, and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation for a variety of reasons.Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, and government activities The city has one of the highest costs of living in the United States, though it remains high on world livability rankings.īoston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine after its "three mountains only traces of which remain today but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, from which several prominent colonists had come. Boston's many firsts" include the United States' first public school, Boston Latin Its rich history helps attract many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone attracting over 20 million visitors. Through land reclamation and municipal annexation, Boston has expanded beyond the original peninsula. Upon American independence from Great Britain, the city continued to be an important port and manufacturing hub, as well as a center for education and culture. One of the oldest cities in the United States, Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan colonists from England.It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. Greater Boston as a commuting region is home to 7.6 million people, making it the sixth-largest Combined Statistical Area in the United States. The city is the anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area called Greater Boston, home to 4.5 million people and the tenth-largest metropolitan area in the country. The largest city in New England, the city proper, covering 48 square miles 124 km2 had an estimated population of 645,966 in 2014 making it the 24th largest city in the United States. Boston also serves as county seat of Suffolk County. Boston pronounced Listeni b st n is the capital and largest city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.